Strongest Tornadoes Recorded in Maryland
The highest tornado rating, longest recorded path, casualties, and rating caveats in Maryland’s SPC historical archive.
The highest rating in Maryland’s 1950–2024 archive is F/EF4. The strongest entry shown here occurred on April 28, 2002 and had a recorded path length of 38.0 miles.
The highest rating in the archive
The strongest rating represented in Maryland is F/EF4. When several records share that rating, this page highlights the one with the longest recorded path: 38.0 miles on April 28, 2002.
This is a database summary, not a definitive ranking of every historical tornado. Early events may have incomplete paths or retrospective ratings.
Rating is based on damage
Survey teams assign EF ratings by examining damage indicators and degrees of damage. The scale estimates a wind range from the damage that occurred; it does not measure every tornado’s maximum wind directly.
A violent tornado crossing open land may leave few indicators, while a lower-rated tornado can still be deadly when exposure and shelter are poor.
Impact across the full record
The state archive totals 326 injuries and 9 fatalities. Those human impacts cannot be compared by rating alone because warning access, time of day, construction, population, and storm speed matter.
Use historic events to improve present-day plans: reliable alerts, rapid shelter, head protection, and careful post-storm movement reduce avoidable risk.
Frequently asked questions
What month has the most tornadoes in Maryland?
July has the largest count in the SPC archive used here, with 83 recorded tornadoes. Individual years can differ sharply.
How many tornadoes have been recorded in Maryland?
The archive contains 409 records from 1950 through 2024. The total reflects reporting and database practices as well as weather.
What is the strongest tornado recorded in Maryland?
The highest rating in this archive is F/EF4. Fujita and Enhanced Fujita ratings are damage-based and are not directly interchangeable wind measurements.
Data source and limits
Counts on this page come from the NOAA Storm Prediction Center historical tornado archive for 1950–2024. Older records are less complete, weaker tornado reporting increased with population and technology, and ratings changed from the Fujita scale to the Enhanced Fujita scale in 2007. A record is not a forecast.